Current position
Rodney H. Adams Professor in the School of Engineering and Department Chair of MS&E
Intersection with the project
Overview
Professor Pamela Hinds has a direct relationship with the agricultural chatbot project as an expert in the impact of emerging technologies on teams and human collaboration, with recent investigations focused specifically on technology in farm settings. Her studies on the transition of technologies from “inert entities” to “relational agents” that maintain and coordinate social relations underpin the chatbot’s proposal to act as an automated executive assistant. Hinds’s research provides the theoretical basis for understanding how technological agents (such as AIs or robots) can regulate core processes and take over coordination of tasks that previously depended exclusively on human interaction and memory.
”Generative AI, Emerging Technology, and Organizing: Towards a theory of progressive encapsulation” (2024)
This article proposes that Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI) should not be seen merely as an isolated tool, but through a relational perspective, focusing on the functions it performs and on how relationships between people and organizations evolve with its use. The central term is “progressive encapsulation”, which describes AI’s ability to learn, adapt, and internalize organizational functions within a “black box”, making processes invisible to users as the system gains autonomy.
Adoption via Relational Interface
- “Instead of studying technologies as stand-alone objects, they encourage us to ‘instead focus on the relations through which technologies are constituted and through which they interact with other processes and entities around them’.” *“Instead of studying technologies as stand-alone objects, they encourage us to ‘instead focus on the relations through which technologies are constituted and through which they interact with other processes and entities around them’.”
- Intersection: The project uses WhatsApp as an extremely familiar interface so that the AI constitutes itself as a relational agent integrated into the rural producer’s natural routine, facilitating adoption by an audience with low tolerance for complex software
Automation of Informal Coordination
- “By monitoring messaging patterns between organization members… such systems may increasingly enter the domain of informal coordination, hitherto reserved for human interaction.” “By monitoring messaging patterns between organization members… such systems may increasingly enter the domain of informal coordination, hitherto reserved for human interaction.”
- Intersection: The chatbot uses advanced audio processing to capture informal field coordination (voice commands about urgent demands) and transform it into formal schedules, taking on the role of an assistant that organizes the productive routine
Encapsulation of Administrative Management
- “the AI typically capsulizes in a way that cannot be observed or recreated — so we can study relations and functions as input and as output, but the process for getting there is opaque (black box).” “the AI typically capsulizes in a way that cannot be observed or recreated—so we can study relations and functions as input and as output, but the process for getting there is opaque (black box).”
- Intersection: The project’s “Continuous Learning Engine” exemplifies this encapsulation by collecting expense and route data to suggest optimizations; the complexity of the accounting analysis is “encapsulated” by the AI, delivering only the strategic result to the producer (cash flow reports)
“Using Robots to Moderate Team Conflict: The Case of Repairing Violations” (2015)
This research explores how technological agents (robots) can positively influence team dynamics by intervening in social processes. The main concept is “repair”, defined as behaviors aimed at restoring the negative impact that a violating behavior or process failure has on a relationship or task.
Process Regulation and Failure Mitigation
- “Overall, our results provide support for the idea that robots can aid team functioning by regulating core team processes such as conflict.” “Overall, our results provide support for the idea that robots can aid team functioning by regulating core team processes such as conflict.”
- Intersection: The chatbot aids the functioning of the agricultural “team” by regulating the management process, mitigating the producer’s “chronic forgetfulness” that generates financial losses. The bot acts as a proactive regulator of field operations.
Alert System as a Repair Mechanism
- “Given that repairs by people reduce negative spirals… we expect that a robot responding to a negative trigger with a repair will prevent negative affect from escalating.” “Given that repairs by people reduce negative spirals and that people show a tendency to respond to robot behavior in a similar way as they do to human behavior, we expect that a robot responding to a negative trigger with a repair will prevent negative affect from escalating.”
- Intersection: The “High-Priority Alerts” (message followed by phone call within 5 minutes) function as the “repair” described by Hinds. The system intervenes in the face of the “negative trigger” of an unread message, preventing the memory failure from escalating into a real financial loss.
Full papers
Pamela Hinds - Generative AI, Emerging Technology, and Organizing Towards a theory of progressive encapsulation.pdf Pamela Hinds - Using Robots to Moderate Team Conflict The Case ofRepairing Violations.pdf